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1.
Rev. bras. educ. méd ; 47(4): e125, 2023. tab
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1521703

ABSTRACT

Abstract Introduction: The participation of students in clinical consultations is essential for their medical education. This experience allows for the acquisition of technical skills and the transmission of ethical and professional values. Objective: To evaluate how differences in outpatient conditions (gynecological or prenatal care), appraisal of previous experience, and sociodemographic profiles influence women's willingness to accept student participation in their consultations. Methods: We selected 743 cases (45.1% prenatal) with previous experience in student participation of 893 women attending outpatient gynecological (52.6%) or prenatal (47.4%) clinics at Brasilia University Hospital from 2016 to 2019. Scales were adopted for women's appraisal of student interpersonal communication, willingness to accept, and unwillingness to accept student participation. We used t tests to assess differences, chi-square statistics to compare proportions between outpatient groups, correlations between key variables, and linear regression to estimate variables predicting the willingness outcome. Results: Odds ratios over 1 (p< 0.01) emerged for age older than 35 years, not married, less than higher education, multiparity, discomfort with students, and lower acceptance of gender equality in relation to the Ob-Gyn gender for the gynecological group. Women in the gynecological group offered a better appraisal (from one to five) of interpersonal communication (4.75 vs. 4.43, effect size g= 0.605), showed more willingness (4.58 vs. 4.26, g= 0.625), and conveyed less unwillingness to accept student participation (2.35 vs. 2.47, g= 0.143) than women in the prenatal group. In the linear regression analysis (N= 743), a higher willingness to accept student participation was significantly related (in decreasing impact) to better appraisal of student interpersonal communication (p< 0.001), lower unwillingness (p< 0.001), gynecological group (p< 0.001), tolerance to pelvic examination by a student (p= 0.017), and age older than 35 years (p= 0.016). Conclusions: The experience of supportive interpersonal communication, especially regarding the gynecological group, had a predominant impact on the patient's willingness to accept the participation of students in consultations. Overall, the willingness to accept this participation differs depending on the patient's (reason for consultation, lower unwillingness, age) and student's (communication, gender) factors. Hopefully, the findings can contribute to fostering student-patient partnerships from the perspective of the articulation between service and teaching in medicine.


Resumo Introdução: A participação de estudantes nas consultas clínicas é essencial para a educação médica deles. Tal experiência permite a aquisição de habilidades técnicas e a transmissão de valores ético-profissionais. Objetivo: Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar como diferenças na condição ambulatorial (atendimento ginecológico ou pré-natal), na apreciação de experiências anteriores e nos perfis sociodemográficos influenciariam a disposição das mulheres em aceitar a participação de estudantes em suas consultas. Método: De um total de 893 mulheres atendidas no ambulatório de ginecologia (52,6%) e de pré-natal (47,4%) do Hospital Universitário de Brasília de 2016 a 2019, foram selecionadas 743 (45,1% pré-natal) que referiam experiência prévia com a participação de estudantes em suas consultas. Foram adotadas escalas para avaliar a apreciação das mulheres sobre a comunicação interpessoal dos estudantes e a disposição e a falta dela em aceitar a participação deles. Foram utilizados o teste t para avaliar as diferenças, as estatísticas qui-quadrado para comparar as proporções entre os grupos, as correlações entre variáveis-chave e a regressão linear para estimar as variáveis associadas à boa vontade das pacientes quanto aos estudantes. Resultado: Razões de chance acima de 1 (p < 0,01) para mulheres do grupo ginecológico emergiram quanto à idade acima de 35 anos, não casadas, escolaridade aquém da educação terciária, multíparas, desconfortáveis com estudantes e menor aceitação de equidade de gênero dos médicos ginecologistas obstetras. Mulheres no grupo ginecológico apresentaram melhor apreciação da comunicação interpessoal, de um a cinco (4,75 versus 4,43, tamanho do efeito g = 0,605), maior disposição (4,58 versus 4,26, g = 0,625) e menor indisposição (2,35 versus 2,47, g = 0,143) em aceitar a participação de estudantes do que mulheres do grupo pré-natal. Na análise de regressão linear (n = 743), maior disposição em aceitar estudantes foi significativamente associada (em impacto decrescente), com melhor apreciação da comunicação interpessoal destes (p < 0,001), menor indisposição (p < 0,001), grupo ginecológico (p < 0,001), tolerância ao exame pélvico realizado por estudante (p = 0,017) e idade maior que 35 anos (p = 0,016). Conclusão: A experiência de comunicação interpessoal de suporte, principalmente no que concerne ao grupo ginecológico, teve impacto predominante na disposição das pacientes em aceitar a participação de estudantes nas consultas. No geral, a vontade de aceitar essa participação difere dependendo dos fatores da paciente (motivo da consulta, menor indisposição, idade) e do estudante (comunicação, gênero). Espera-se que os achados possam contribuir para fomentar parcerias estudante-paciente na perspectiva da articulação entre serviço e ensino em medicina.

2.
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-1516674

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: analisar as cirurgias suspensas, realizando previsões futuras de três meses, a partir de outubro de 2022, através de um gráfico de linhas utilizando o software Power BI®. Método: se utilizou a técnica de médias moveis ponderada, alisamento exponencial simples, utilizando a ferramenta gráfico de linhas do Power BI®, com intervalo de confiança de 95% e previsões de três meses. Resultados: os resultados demostraram que existem diferentes etapas para construir previsões e alguns pré-requisitos devem ser preenchidos, foram encontradas as seguintes previsões com seus respectivos intervalos de confiança novembro 134(97,172), dezembro 141(102,180), janeiro 147(106.188). Conclusão: a utilização de previsões pode ser uma ferramenta útil para a tomada de decisão, prever problemas e sempre necessário na gestão de um hospital, podendo até suprimir gastos se antecipando a uma variedade de problemas.


Objective: to analyze the suspended surgeries, making future predictions of three months, starting in October 2022, through a line graph using the Power BI software. Method: we used the technique of weighted moving averages, simple exponential smoothing, using the Power BI® line graph tool, with a confidence interval of 95% and predictions of three months. Results: the results showed that there are different steps to construct predictions and some prerequisites must be fulfilled, the following predictions were found with their respective confidence intervals: November 134 (97,172), December 141 (102,180), January 147 (106,188). Conclusion: the use of forecasts can be a useful tool for decision making, predicting problems and always necessary in the management of a hospital, and can even suppress expenses in anticipation of a variety of problems.


Objetivos:analizar las cirugías suspendidas, haciendo predicciones futuras de tres meses, a partir de octubre de 2022, a través de un gráfico lineal utilizando el software Power BI®. Método: se utilizó la técnica de medias móviles ponderadas, suavizado exponencial simple, utilizando la herramienta de gráfico de líneas de Power BI®, con un intervalo de confianza del 95% y predicciones de tres meses. Resultados: los resultados mostraron que existen diferentes pasos para construir predicciones y se deben cumplir algunos requisitos previos, se encontraron las siguientes predicciones con sus respectivos intervalos de confianza: noviembre 134 (97,172), diciembre 141 (102,180), enero 147 (106,188). Conclusión: el uso de pronósticos puede ser una herramienta útil para la toma de decisiones, predicción de problemas y siempre necesaria en la gestión de un hospital, e incluso puede suprimir gastos en previsión de una variedad de problemas.


Subject(s)
Personnel Administration, Hospital , Surgical Procedures, Operative/statistics & numerical data , Software/trends , Health Expenditures/statistics & numerical data
3.
Medical Education ; : 60-64, 2023.
Article in Japanese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-966043

ABSTRACT

Juntendo University Hospital (1051 beds) set up a working group focusing on SOGI (sexual orientation and gender identity) in May 2021. To date, more than 300 staff members play a rale as ally members in rarious hospital departments to promote a safer environment for patients of all SOGI. This initiative has been spreading to the medical school and other parts of the university to ensure a safer space for everyone. Providing hospital staff opportunities to meet with LGBTQs people in person at a SOGI seminar seems to bring a transformative impact on the participants. Understanding a patient's background is imperative to provide better care for any patient. This article illustrates how we facilitate the process of enabling hospital staff to support patients with various SOGI.

4.
Medicina UPB ; 41(1): 1-2, mar. 2022.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: biblio-1362373

ABSTRACT

Las organizaciones de salud deben generar los espacios necesarios para el avance del conocimiento científico, es así como la propuesta que viene desarrollando la Clínica Universitaria Bolivariana ­hoy Hospital Universitario­ se ha materializado no solo en aportes a las líneas clínicas de la institución como maternidad, neonatos, crónicas y enfermedades de la mujer y del piso pélvico, sino también en un enfoque de las ciencias relacionadas con la salud pública, la administración, la economía y la ingeniería, con lo que hoy se configura como el Área de Gestión Hospitalaria.


Health organizations must generate the necessary spaces for the advancement of scientific knowledge, this is how the proposal that the Bolivarian University Clinic has been developing ­ today University Hospital ­ has materialized not only in contributions to the clinical lines of the institution such as maternity, neonates, chronic diseases and diseases of women and the pelvic floor, but also in a focus on sciences related to public health, administration, economics and engineering, with what is now configured as the Hospital Management Area.


As organizações de saúde devem gerar os espaços necessários para o avanço do conhecimento científico, é assim que a proposta que a Clínica Universitária Bolivariana vem desenvolvendo ­ hoje Hospital Universitário ­ se materializou não apenas em contribuições para as linhas clínicas da instituição como maternidade, neonatos , doenças crônicas e doenças da mulher e do assoalho pélvico, mas também com foco nas ciências relacionadas à saúde pública, administração, economia e engenharia, com o que agora se configura como Área de Gestão Hospitalar.


Subject(s)
Humans , Hospital Administration , Science , Universities , Knowledge , Health Organizations , Knowledge Management , Hospitals, University
5.
Psicol. ciênc. prof ; 42: e233879, 2022. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-1356600

ABSTRACT

A morte é uma figura presente no cotidiano de profissionais hospitalares, uma companheira diária, invasora e sem limites, que leva à busca incessante por seu controle e cura. Quando não se sabe qual caminho seguir e o que fazer diante da complexidade do tema, pode-se experienciar diversos sentimentos e emoções. Esta pesquisa de campo, qualitativa e descritiva, objetivou compreender como residentes percebem a morte. Para tanto, 18 residentes da equipe multidisciplinar e médica de um hospital universitário responderam a uma entrevista estruturada, cujas opiniões foram analisadas com o auxílio da Análise de Conteúdo de Bardin. Os dados obtidos resultaram em 4 categorias, sendo que a categoria 2 teve 3 subcategorias. De forma geral, os residentes perceberam sua participação como uma oportunidade de fala, de expressão de sentimentos e emoções a respeito do tema. Os participantes compreendem a morte como término de vida, momento de incerteza, medo e angústia, o que desperta diferentes percepções e sentimento de impotência; bem como percebem a temática como uma oportunidade de reflexão acerca do conceito de morte digna. Observou-se a necessidade de incluir o estudo da Tanatologia nos currículos dos cursos de saúde e destaca-se que a compreensão da morte de si mesmo e do outro é pouco explorada pela literatura. Frisa-se a importância desse estudo para o incremento de produções sobre a Educação para a Morte e o Morrer, para a Psicologia e a Tanatologia, como também para o aperfeiçoamento dos programas de residências.(AU)


Death is present in the daily lives of hospital professionals, a daily, invasive, and limitless companion, which they tirelessly seek to control and cure. People experience different feelings and emotions not knowing which way to go and what to do in the face of the complexity of this topic. This field research, qualitative and descriptive, aimed to understand how residents perceive the death. Thus, 18 residents of the multidisciplinary and medical team of a university hospital responded to a structured interview, and we analyzed their opinions with the help of Bardin's content analysis. The data obtained resulted in 4 categories, with category 2 having 3 subcategories. In general, residents perceived their participation as an opportunity to speak, to express feelings and emotions about the topic. The participants understand death as the end of life, a moment of uncertainty, fear, and anguish, awakening different perceptions and feelings of helplessness, and perceive the theme as an opportunity for reflection on the concept of dignified death. We observed a need to include the study of Thanatology in the curricula of health courses and highlight that the understanding of the death of oneself and the other is scarcely explored in the literature. We emphasize the importance of this study for the increase of productions on Education for Death and Dying, for Psychology and Thanatology, and for the improvement of residency programs.(AU)


La muerte está presente en la vida cotidiana de los profesionales del hospital, convirtiéndose en una compañera diaria, invasiva e ilimitada, la cual se busca incansablemente su control y cura. Sin saber qué camino tomar y qué hacer frente a la complejidad del tema, se puede experimentar diferentes sentimientos y emociones. Esta investigación de campo, cualitativa y descriptiva, tuvo por objetivo comprender cómo los residentes perciben la muerte. Así en este estudio participaron 18 residentes del equipo médico y multidisciplinar de un hospital universitario quienes respondieron a una entrevista estructurada, cuyas respuestas se trataron con el Análisis de Contenido de Bardin. Los datos obtenidos resultaron en 4 categorías, de las cuales la categoría 2 tuvo 3 subcategorías. En general, los participantes percibieron su participación como una oportunidad para hablar, para expresar sentimientos y emociones sobre el tema. Los residentes entienden la muerte como el final de la vida, un momento de incertidumbre, miedo y angustia, despertando diferentes percepciones y sentimientos de impotencia, bien como perciben el tema como una oportunidad de reflexión sobre el concepto de muerte digna. Se observó la necesidad de incluir el estudio de la tanatología en los planes de estudio de los cursos de salud, y se destaca que la comprensión de la muerte de sí mismo y del otro es poco explorada en la literatura. Se enfatiza la importancia de este estudio para el incremento de producciones sobre educación para la muerte y el morir, para la psicología y tanatología, así como para la mejora de los programas de residencia.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Thanatology , Death , Qualitative Research , Hospitals, University , Medical Staff, Hospital , Anxiety , Disease , Life , Comprehension , Emotions , Sadness , Internship and Residency
6.
Physis (Rio J.) ; 32(2): e320217, 2022.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1386837

ABSTRACT

Resumo O estudo teve como objetivo descrever e analisar aspectos do cotidiano da assistência ao parto em um hospital universitário no Sul do Brasil. A expressão "tirando o jaleco" serve como uma metáfora para iluminar o processo de conversão da enfermeira obstetra em pesquisadora em um ambiente hospitalar. Trata-se de uma de pesquisa qualitativa que lançou mão da perspectiva socioantropológica como referencial teórico e metodológico. Os resultados mostraram uma recorrente ausência de informações sobre condutas e decisões médicas dadas as mulheres, desconsiderando-as como sujeitos de direitos, a despeito do que preconiza a política de humanização do parto, revelando nuances do parto e do nascimento pautadas no modelo tecnocrático de assistência. Esse modelo de assistência vigente nos hospitais de ensino requer importantes mudanças através da incorporação de práticas com fundamentos científicos, da inclusão de enfermeiras obstetras e do respeito à mulher como protagonista deste evento.


Abstract The study aimed to describe and analyze everyday aspects of childbirth care in a university hospital in southern Brazil. The expression "taking off the coat" serves as a metaphor to illuminate the process of converting the obstetrician nurse into a researcher in a hospital environment. This is a qualitative research work that made use of the perspective socio-anthropology as a theoretical and methodological framework. The results showed a recurrent lack of information about medical conduct and decisions given to women, disregarding them as subjects of rights, despite what the policy of humanization of childbirth, revealing nuances of childbirth and birth based on the model assistance technocracy. This current care model in teaching hospitals requires important changes through the incorporation of practices with scientific foundations, the inclusion of obstetric nurses and respect for women as the protagonists of this event.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Practice Patterns, Physicians'/ethics , Health Personnel , Humanizing Delivery , Pregnant Women , Hospitals, University/ethics , Obstetrics/ethics , Unified Health System , Brazil , Health Policy , Anthropology, Cultural
7.
Subj. procesos cogn ; 24(2): 145-160, 2021-02.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, UNISALUD, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1281333

ABSTRACT

Se vive la más reciente e importante pandemia de la historia mundial, causada por el nuevo coronavirus (SARS-CoV2), que ha tenido un impacto significativo tanto en la economía como en la salud pública y, en particular, en la salud mental de toda la sociedad brasileña. El estado de Tocantins, en el Norte de Brasil, posee un hospital universitario que recibe casos moderados de pacientes sospechosos o confirmados de COVID-19, causando un impacto significativo en el enfrentamiento del escenario actual. Este artículo propone una reflexión frente al contexto vivido, describiendo la epidemiología regional y local, así como subraya las acciones desarrolladas en el ámbito psicológico(AU)


The most recent and important pandemic in world history is being experienced, caused by the new coronavirus (SARS-CoV2), which has had a significant impact on both the economy and public health and, in particular, on the mental health of all Brazilian society. The state of Tocantins, in the North of Brazil, has a university hospital that receives moderate cases of suspected or confirmed COVID-19 patients, causing a significant impact on the confrontation of the current scenario. This article proposes a reflection on the lived context, describing regional and local epidemiology, as well as highlighting the actions developed in the psychological field(AU)


Subject(s)
Mental Health , COVID-19 , Hospitals , Brazil , Epidemiology , Pandemics
8.
Psicol. ciênc. prof ; 41: e221076, 2021. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-1340411

ABSTRACT

Resumo Médicos residentes estão expostos aos estressores relacionados ao ensino e ao exercício profissional. Nesta pesquisa, objetivamos identificar a prevalência da síndrome de burnout entre os médicos residentes do Hospital das Clínicas da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (HC-UFMG) e explorar sua relação com aspectos sociodemográficos e ocupacionais. Dos médicos residentes, 273 responderam uma ficha sociodemográfica e ocupacional e o Inventário de Burnout de Maslach (MBI), desses, entrevistamos 13. Submetemos as respostas dos questionários à análise estatística e das entrevistas à análise de conteúdo. Encontramos alta exaustão emocional (68,1%), moderado ou alto cinismo (41,7%) e moderada ou alta ineficácia profissional (40,6%). Identificamos a presença de síndrome de burnout em 25,64% dos médicos residentes, além disso, encontramos relações de baixo poder explicativo com as variáveis sociodemográficas e ocupacionais. Os resultados fortaleceram a necessidade de questionarmos as condições de trabalho dos médicos residentes, o papel das variáveis sociodemográficas e ocupacionais, da religiosidade e do processo de socialização organizacional no desenvolvimento da síndrome de burnout. (AU)


Abstract Resident doctors are exposed to stressors related to both the education and the professional practice. This research aimed to identify the prevalence of burnout syndrome among the resident doctors of the Hospital das Clínicas of the Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (HC-UFMG), exploring its association with sociodemographic and occupational aspects. Of the resident doctors, 273 answered a sociodemographic and occupational form and the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), and we interviewed 13 of them. We submitted the answers of the questionnaires to statistical analysis, whereas we applied content analysis to answers of interviews. The participants showed high emotional exhaustion (68.1%), moderate or high cynicism (41.7%), and moderate or high professional ineffectiveness (40.6%). We found that 25.64% the resident doctors presented with burnout syndrome. Besides, sociodemographic and occupational variables presented low explanatory power to prevalence of the syndrome. These results strengthen the need to question the working conditions of resident doctors, as well as the role of sociodemographic and occupational variables, religiosity, and the process of organizational socialization in the development of burnout syndrome. (AU)


Resumen Los médicos residentes están expuestos a los estresores relacionados con la enseñanza y el ejercicio profesional. En esta investigación, el objetivo es identificar la prevalencia del síndrome de quemarse por el trabajo entre los médicos residentes del Hospital das Clínicas de la Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (HC-UFMG), así como explorar su relación con aspectos sociodemográficos y ocupacionales. De los médicos residentes, 273 respondieron a una ficha sociodemográfica y ocupacional y al Cuestionario de Burnout de Maslach (MBI); de los cuales entrevistamos a 13 de ellos. Sometemos sus respuestas de los cuestionarios al análisis estadístico; y de las entrevistas, al análisis de contenido. Encontramos un alto agotamiento emocional (68,1%), moderado o alto cinismo (41,7%) y moderada o alta ineficacia profesional (40,6%). Identificamos la presencia de síndrome de quemarse en el 25,64% de los médicos residentes y encontramos relaciones de bajo poder explicativo con las variables sociodemográficas y ocupacionales. Los resultados fortalecieron la necesidad de cuestionar las condiciones de trabajo de los médicos residentes, el papel de las variables sociodemográficas y ocupacionales, de la religiosidad y del proceso de socialización organizacional en el desarrollo del síndrome de quemarse por el trabajo. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Burnout, Psychological , Hospitals, University , Medical Staff, Hospital , Professional Practice , Syndrome , Work , Hospitals
9.
Estud. Interdiscip. Psicol ; 11(3): 218-231, set-dez.2020.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1342688

ABSTRACT

O trabalho busca relatar uma prática extensionista em um Hospital Universitário que teve como objetivo ampliar as ações no cuidado a pessoas com defeitos congênitos (DC) no SUS. Para tanto, apresenta-se a experiência de estudantes de psicologia em ambulatório de genética, ao associar à prática médica ambulatorial a escuta clínica. Discute-se neste artigo a importância da prática extensiva na atenção a pacientes com DC e seus familiares, decorrente da necessidade da interlocução entre medicina e psicologia na clínica contemporânea. Os resultados delimitaram os desafios enfrentados pelas estudantes e os efeitos da prática extensionista em serviço de genética clínica: estabelecimento de um espaço de fala e escuta; complexidade das condições genéticas; problemática do acompanhamento psicológico em serviço ambulatorial; e implicações na formação em Psicologia. Ressalta-se, por fim, a pertinência das reflexões teórico-clínicas acerca de uma primeira experiência de escuta clínica em sua dupla vertente: como dispositivo tanto terapêutico quanto formativo (AU).


This work seeks to report an extension practice in a University Hospital that had the objective to expand the care actions concerning people with birth defects in the Brazil's Unified Health System (SUS). Therefore, it presents the psychology student's experience in a genetic ambulatory, associating the clinical listening to the medical practice. This article also discusses the importance of the extension practice in attention to people with birth defects, through the emerging dialogue between medical practice and the clinical listening. The results set out the challenges faced by the students and the extension practice effects in a genetic service: an effective speaking and listening space; the genetical conditions complexity; the continuity of psychological support issue; and the implications in Psychology formation. Is stands out, lastly, the relevance of theoretical-clinical reflections concerning a first clinical listening experience double-sided: such as a therapeutic disposal and as a formative one (AU).


El trabajo busca reportar una práctica de extensión en un Hospital Universitario que tuvo como objetivo ampliar las acciones de atención a personas con defectos de nacimiento (EC) en el SUS. Para ello, presenta la experiencia en una consulta externa de genética, asociando la escucha clínica a la práctica médica ambulatoria. Este artículo discute la importancia de una práctica extensa en el cuidado de pacientes con EC y sus familias, debido a la necesidad de diálogo entre la medicina y la psicología en la clínica contemporánea. Los resultados delimitaron los desafíos enfrentados por los estudiantes y los efectos de la práctica de extensión en un servicio de genética clínica: establecimiento de un espacio para el habla y la escucha; complejidad de las condiciones genéticas; problemática del seguimiento psicológico en un servicio ambulatorio; e implicaciones para la formación en psicología. Finalmente, se destaca la relevancia de las reflexiones teórico-clínicas acerca de una primera experiencia de escucha clínica en su doble vertiente: como dispositivo terapéutico y formativo (AU).


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Professional Practice , Congenital Abnormalities/genetics , Congenital Abnormalities/psychology , Delivery of Health Care , Patients/psychology , Psychology/education , Students , Unified Health System , Family/psychology , Caregivers/psychology , Education, Medical , Hospitals, University
10.
Educ. med. super ; 34(3): e1983, 2020. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1133705

ABSTRACT

Introducción: La transferencia de conocimiento que surge como resultado de investigación pedagógica busca mejorar los procesos de calidad en los hospitales universitarios y fortalecer el sentido humano del quehacer profesional. Objetivo: Identificar los fundamentos teóricos de la transferencia de conocimiento como resultado de la investigación pedagógica en contextos hospitalarios. Método: Se realizó un estudio exploratorio con un abordaje cualitativo, a través de 22 entrevistas semiestructuradas a diferentes profesionales de la salud en su contexto real. Esta información fue sistematizada por medio de procesos de codificación y comparación, propios de la teoría fundamentada, mediante la construcción de diagramas para la compilación de conceptos, propiedades y dimensiones. Resultados: A través del análisis de la información se establecieron 5 categorías: "conocimiento a transferir", "actores clave para la transferencia", "metodología para la transferencia", "ambiente hospitalario" y "relación universidad-hospital"; y 8 subcategorías relacionadas con la transferencia de conocimiento pedagógico. A partir del análisis de esta información, se propusieron fundamentos teóricos, basados en un proceso adaptativo centrado en el estudiante y orientado a la atención al paciente. Conclusiones: Se establecieron fundamentos teóricos para la transferencia de conocimiento pedagógico en contextos hospitalarios, a través de la identificación de un sistema adaptativo, el cual contiene elementos clave para mejorar la efectividad en la relación con el paciente y su atención(AU)


Introduction: Knowledge transfer as a result of pedagogical research aims at improving quality processes in university hospitals and at strengthening the human conception of professional work. Objective: To identify the theoretical foundations of knowledge transfer as a result of pedagogical research in hospital settings. Methods: An exploratory study was carried out following a qualitative approach and conducting 22 semistructured interviews with different health professionals in their real settings. This information was systematized through coding and comparison processes, typical of grounded theory, through the construction of diagrams for the compilation of concepts, properties and dimensions. Results: Through information analysis, five categories were established: knowledge to transfer, key actors for transfer, transfer methodology, hospital setting and university-hospital relationship; together with eight subcategories related to transfer of pedagogical knowledge. From the analysis of this information, theoretical foundations were proposed, based on a student-centered and patient care-oriented adaptive process. Conclusions: Theoretical foundations for the transfer of pedagogical knowledge in hospital contexts were established, through the identification of an adaptive system, which contains key elements for improving the effectiveness in the relationship with the patients and their care(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Research , Students , Knowledge
11.
An Official Journal of the Japan Primary Care Association ; : 97-104, 2020.
Article in Japanese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-825906

ABSTRACT

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to clarify the awareness and difficulties of home care support in outpatient nursing at an advanced acute care hospital.Methods: An anonymous questionnaire survey of outpatient nurses at a university hospital was conducted using a detention method.Results: In total, 195 questionnaires were analyzed (effective response rate: 89.9%). The number of years of outpatient nursing experience was within 1 to 3 years for 40%, being the highest. Regarding the importance of outpatient care in supporting home care, approximately 97% of the subjects answered that they 'always think' or 'sometimes think' that it is important. On the other hand, approximately 50% of subjects answered that they 'always' or 'sometimes' perform home care support. Eight difficulties in outpatient home care support were identified: [insufficient manpower], [shortage of time], [difficulties in understanding which patients need home care support], [lack of knowledge], [difficulties in in-hospital and community collaboration], [support not keeping up with current medical change], [number of outpatients], and [time-consuming support].Conclusion: It is necessary to improve the individual skills of outpatient nurses in order to provide seamless medical care and systematically improve the outpatient nursing system, including streamlining work, and facilitating in-hospital and community collaboration.

12.
Rev. chil. anest ; 49(2): e20180997, 2020. tab
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1092552

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objectives: To identify the presence of occupational stress in nursing professionals of a university hospital in the inlands of the state of Minas Gerais and examine influence of sociodemographic and occupational characteristics in this disease. Methods: Cross-sectional, exploratory and quantitative study with 124 professional nurses from a university hospital in the inlands of the state of Minas Gerais. The adapted and validated Portuguese version of the Job Stress Scale (JSS) was used for the performance of the study. Results: Most professionals were women (87.9%) with a mean age of 40.2 years, 80.6% were nursing technicians and 71.8% of the sample had some degree of exposure to occupational stress. Conclusions: The occupational stress index was higher than that observed in previous studies. Data obtained in the study point to the need to implement institutional measures for the prevention of occupational stress, especially by strengthening social support at work.


RESUMEN Objetivos: Identificar la presencia de estrés laboral en los profesionales de enfermería de un hospital universitario en el interior de Minas Gerais y analizar la influencia de las características sociodemográficas y ocupacionales en esta enfermedad. Métodos: Estudio transversal, exploratorio y cuantitativo con 124 profesionales de enfermería de un hospital universitario en el interior de Minas Gerais. Para su efectividad, se utilizó la versión portuguesa adaptada y validada de la escala Job Content Questionnaire (JCQ). Resultados: La mayoría de los profesionales eran mujeres (87,9%), con una edad media de 40,2 años, el 80,6% eran técnicos de enfermería y el 71,8% de la muestra tenía algún grado de exposición al estrés laboral. Conclusiones: El índice de estrés laboral fue mayor que el observado en estudios anteriores. Los datos obtenidos en el estudio apuntan a la necesidad de implementar medidas institucionales para prevenir el estrés laboral, especialmente el fortalecimiento del apoyo social en el trabajo.


RESUMO Objetivos: Identificar a presença de estresse ocupacional nos profissionais de enfermagem de um hospital universitário do interior de Minas Gerais e analisar a influência das características sociodemográficas e ocupacionais neste agravo. Métodos: Estudo transversal, exploratório e quantitativo, realizado com 124 profissionais de enfermagem de um hospital universitário do interior de Minas Gerais. Para sua efetivação, foi utilizada a versão adaptada e validada para o português da escala Job Stress Scale (JSS). Resultados: A maioria dos profissionais era mulheres (87,9 %), com média de idade de 40,2 anos, 80,6 % eram técnicos de enfermagem e 71,8% da amostra apresentava algum grau de exposição ao estresse ocupacional. Conclusões: O índice de estresse ocupacional foi superior ao observado em estudos anteriores. Os dados obtidos no estudo apontam para a necessidade de implementar medidas institucionais de prevenção ao estresse ocupacional, sobretudo fortalecendo o apoio social no trabalho.

13.
Rev. bras. enferm ; 73(2): e20180997, 2020. tab
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-1098794

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objectives: To identify the presence of occupational stress in nursing professionals of a university hospital in the inlands of the state of Minas Gerais and examine influence of sociodemographic and occupational characteristics in this disease. Methods: Cross-sectional, exploratory and quantitative study with 124 professional nurses from a university hospital in the inlands of the state of Minas Gerais. The adapted and validated Portuguese version of the Job Stress Scale (JSS) was used for the performance of the study. Results: Most professionals were women (87.9%) with a mean age of 40.2 years, 80.6% were nursing technicians and 71.8% of the sample had some degree of exposure to occupational stress. Conclusions: The occupational stress index was higher than that observed in previous studies. Data obtained in the study point to the need to implement institutional measures for the prevention of occupational stress, especially by strengthening social support at work.


RESUMEN Objetivos: Identificar la presencia de estrés laboral en los profesionales de enfermería de un hospital universitario en el interior de Minas Gerais y analizar la influencia de las características sociodemográficas y ocupacionales en esta enfermedad. Métodos: Estudio transversal, exploratorio y cuantitativo con 124 profesionales de enfermería de un hospital universitario en el interior de Minas Gerais. Para su efectividad, se utilizó la versión portuguesa adaptada y validada de la escala Job Content Questionnaire (JCQ). Resultados: La mayoría de los profesionales eran mujeres (87,9%), con una edad media de 40,2 años, el 80,6% eran técnicos de enfermería y el 71,8% de la muestra tenía algún grado de exposición al estrés laboral. Conclusiones: El índice de estrés laboral fue mayor que el observado en estudios anteriores. Los datos obtenidos en el estudio apuntan a la necesidad de implementar medidas institucionales para prevenir el estrés laboral, especialmente el fortalecimiento del apoyo social en el trabajo.


RESUMO Objetivos: Identificar a presença de estresse ocupacional nos profissionais de enfermagem de um hospital universitário do interior de Minas Gerais e analisar a influência das características sociodemográficas e ocupacionais neste agravo. Métodos: Estudo transversal, exploratório e quantitativo, realizado com 124 profissionais de enfermagem de um hospital universitário do interior de Minas Gerais. Para sua efetivação, foi utilizada a versão adaptada e validada para o português da escala Job Stress Scale (JSS). Resultados: A maioria dos profissionais era mulheres (87,9 %), com média de idade de 40,2 anos, 80,6 % eram técnicos de enfermagem e 71,8% da amostra apresentava algum grau de exposição ao estresse ocupacional. Conclusões: O índice de estresse ocupacional foi superior ao observado em estudos anteriores. Os dados obtidos no estudo apontam para a necessidade de implementar medidas institucionais de prevenção ao estresse ocupacional, sobretudo fortalecendo o apoio social no trabalho.

14.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop ; 52: e20180541, 2019. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1057254

ABSTRACT

Abstract INTRODUCTION Chagas disease is a major public health problem that is endemic in Brazil and Latin America. This study aimed to determine the socioeconomic, demographic, and clinical characteristics of 171 patients (mean age, 45 years; female, 65%) with Chagas disease at Hospital Universitário de Brasília, Federal District, Brazil. METHODS We implemented this cross-sectional study using a clinical epidemiological questionnaire, electrocardiography, echocardiography, and quantitative detection of Trypanosoma cruzi DNA in blood using qRT-PCR. RESULTS Among the patients, 26.3% had a full elementary education, and 13.2% were illiterate. Most (63.6%) were economically classified as class C, and 51.5% were born in Bahia state. A total of 62.0% participants reported previous contact with the triatomine bug. The clinical forms of the disease were indeterminate (69.51%), cardiac (15.24%), digestive (10.37%), and mixed (4.88%). The most common electrocardiographic abnormality was complete right bundle branch block in association with a divisional anterosuperior block. Only 14.6% of the patients complied with benznidazole medication for at least 60 days, and 164 of them were assessed by echocardiography. The parasite load was positive in 56% of the patients. CONCLUSIONS: Chagas disease affected mostly women, with the indeterminate chronic form of the disease.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Aged , Young Adult , Trypanosoma cruzi/isolation & purification , Chagas Disease/epidemiology , Socioeconomic Factors , Trypanosoma cruzi/genetics , Brazil/epidemiology , Echocardiography , Cross-Sectional Studies , DNA, Protozoan/genetics , Chagas Disease/parasitology , Parasite Load , Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction , Middle Aged
15.
Palliative Care Research ; : 259-267, 2019.
Article in Japanese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-758331

ABSTRACT

The purposes of this study were to compare the response distribution of the result of using “nurse’s difficulty scale with cancer care” to nurses engaged in cancer nursing with 2010 survey at Tohoku University Hospital. Self-reported questionnaires were distributed to 512 nurses in 2010 and to 524 nurses in 2016. Responses from 356 (70%) nurses in 2010 and from 332 (63%) nurses in 2016 were analyzed. As a result of comparing the surveys of 2010 and 2016, the rate of correct answer in each items of the knowledge scale rose significantly (all p<0.05). From the items regarding their own knowledge and skills, difficulty in collaboration with the community, and end-of-life care decreased (both p<0.05). Despite the increase in the correct answer rate of the knowledge scale, the difficulty has become high. This may reflect the complexity in cancer care due to development of treatment.

16.
Ginecol. obstet. Méx ; 87(7): 417-424, ene. 2019. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1286640

ABSTRACT

Resumen OBJETIVO: Primario: observar si el grado de dificultad de la intervención y la experiencia del equipo quirúrgico influyen en la incidencia de complicaciones y consecuencias adversas de la cirugía laparoscópica ginecológica. Secundario: valorar cuál de las dos variables influye de forma más negativa y, además, estudiar los mecanismos que pueden implementarse en la práctica diaria, clínica y formativa para reducir las consecuencias quirúrgicas adversas. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: Estudio descriptivo, observacional y retrospectivo efectuado en el Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena de Sevilla entre enero de 2015 y febrero de 2016. Se incluyeron todas las cirugías laparoscópicas indicadas por diagnóstico de patología benigna. La muestra se dividió en 3 grupos en función de la distribución de los cirujanos y su experiencia quirúrgica. Las intervenciones se categorizaron conforme a la dificultad en tres grados (el 3 correspondió al de mayor dificultad). RESULTADOS: Se incluyeron 195 cirugías laparoscópicas. La experiencia del equipo quirúrgico fue un factor determinante en los desenlaces heterogéneos, por lo que el grado de dificultad de la intervención tuvo una relación más estrecha con las consecuencias quirúrgicas adversas. Por lo que se refiere al grado de dificultad previo a la cirugía, solo fueron estadísticamente significativos el tiempo quirúrgico y la pérdida hemática, que fue mayor en las intervenciones grado 3. La estancia hospitalaria media, las reintervenciones, reingreso, conversión a laparotomía o complicaciones también fueron mayores en el grupo con grado 3 de dificultad y menor en el 1, pero sin significación estadística. CONCLUSIÓN: Con base en lo reportado se desprende que el grado de dificultad de la intervención tiene más influencia en las complicaciones quirúrgicas que la experiencia del cirujano y el ayudante.


Abstract OBJECTIVE: Primary: to observe whether the degree of difficulty of the intervention and the experience of the surgical team influence the incidence of complications and adverse consequences of laparoscopic gynecological surgery. Secondary: to assess which of the two variables influences more negatively and, in addition, to study the mechanisms that can be implemented in daily, clinical and educational practice to reduce the adverse surgical consequences. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Retrospective, observational and descriptive study carried out in the Virgen Macarena University Hospital of Seville, between January 2015 and February 2016. Including all laparoscopic surgeries performed for benign pathology in that period. The sample has been divided into 3 groups according to the distribution of the surgeons, taking into account their surgical experience. On the other hand, the interventions have been categorized according to the difficulty in three levels (with 3 being the most difficult). RESULTS: 195 laparoscopic surgeries have been collected. The experience of the surgical team has been a factor that has shown heterogeneous results, so the level of difficulty of the intervention seems more related to the surgical adverse effects. Regarding the level of difficulty prior to surgery, only surgical time and blood loss were statistically significant, which was greater in level 3 interventions. Variables such as average hospital stay, reoperations, readmission, conversion to laparotomy or complications were also higher in the group of level 3 of difficulty and lower in group 1, but without statistical significance. CONCLUSION: The results raise the theory of which the level of difficulty of the intervention influences of more direct form in the surgical complications that the surgical experience of the surgeon and the assistant.

17.
Nursing (Ed. bras., Impr.) ; 21(246): 2431-2434, nov.2018. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-969183

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: identificar a estrutura organizacional do Núcleo de Segurança do Paciente de um hospital universitário da Rede Sentinela do município de São Paulo. Método: estudo descritivo, realizado com o responsável pelo Núcleo convidado a responder um questionário estruturado. Resultados: verificou-se que o Núcleo é coordenado por uma diretoria técnica, possui equipe executiva e representantes de diversos serviços e comissões do hospital. Dispõe de recursos humanos, físicos e materiais necessários ao seu funcionamento. Promove ações para gestão de risco; possui estratégias de prevenção de danos; identifica, avalia e notifica eventos adversos. Conclusão: o Núcleo de Segurança do Paciente está estruturado conforme a orientação do Sistema Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária praticamente em sua totalidade e sua gestão está voltada ao atendimento das diretrizes do Programa Nacional de Segurança do Paciente.


Objective: to identify the organizational structure of the Patient Safety Center of a university hospital of the Sentinel Network in the city of São Paulo. Method: a descriptive study, carried out with the person in charge of the Nucleus, invited to answer a questionnaire structured and validated, containing 65 items, distributed in two domains: Structure and Process, based on the Donabedian Triad. Results: it was verified that the Nucleus is coordinated by a technical directorate, has executive team and epresentatives of diverse services and commissions of the hospital. It has the human, physical and material resources necessary for its operation. Promotes actions for risk management; has damage prevention strategies; identifies, evaluates and reports adverse events. Conclusion: The Patient Safety Center is structured according to the orientation of the National Health Surveillance System practically in its entirety and its management is focused on compliance with the guidelines of the National Patient Safety Program.


Subject(s)
Humans , Quality of Health Care , Risk Management , Patient Safety , Hospitals, University
18.
Braz. J. Pharm. Sci. (Online) ; 54(4): e18008, 2018. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1001592

ABSTRACT

The objective of the study was to evaluate the use of human albumin in a Brazilian university hospital, in compliance with the institutional protocol and other clinical guidelines, taking into account the therapeutic indications and the dosage regimens. Data was obtained from the pharmacy dispensing records of human albumin, the requests for use it and, when available, the patient's records between January and October 2017. After evaluation the therapeutic indications and the dosage regimens were classified as "appropriate" and "inappropriate". The analysis of 98 requests showed that, when compared to the institutional protocol, 54 (55.1%) requests had an inappropriate therapeutic indication. However, when a comparison was made between 25 medical records (54 requests) and other clinical guidelines, it was observed that the therapeutic indication had none classified as inappropriate. In addition, 16 (29.7%) requests were considered inappropriate in relation to dosage regimens. From these results, it was possible to conclude that although the use of human albumin in the hospital was associated to a clinical protocol, it was outdated. Thus, it is possible to affirm that not only the adoption of a clinical protocol, but its periodical updating is an important strategy to promote the rational use of drugs.


Subject(s)
Posology/pharmacology , Therapeutic Uses , Serum Albumin, Human/administration & dosage , Hospitals, University/classification , Brazil , Pharmaceutical Preparations , Dosage/analysis , Health Services/standards
19.
Modern Hospital ; (6): 704-706,709, 2018.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-698905

ABSTRACT

This paper discusses the practical significance of oral health education in disease prevention, treatment, prognosis and medical cost control in terms of caries, periodontal disease, denture repair, orthodontic treatment, dental implantation, pre pregnancy and pregnancy oral problems and so on.

20.
The Japanese Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine ; : 606-613, 2018.
Article in Japanese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-688857

ABSTRACT

Objective:To investigate the characteristics of studies registered in the field of rehabilitation medicine.Methods:The university hospital medical information network clinical trials registry database was searched for domestic clinical trials associated with rehabilitation medicine that were registered after June 2005. We extracted information about studies and analyzed their registration trends and overall characteristics.Results:Among the 21,410 registered trials, we found 529 trials associated with rehabilitation. The purpose of this study was to investigate efficacy in 65% of the studies. Among these studies, 54% were parallel-group comparison studies, 50% were registered retrospectively, and 85% did not publish any results. In comparison studies, 86% were randomized controlled studies, and 47% were open-label trials.Conclusion:An increasing trend of registration was observed. However, we found several problems in registration. Prospective registration is important to decrease publication and outcome reporting biases. Education for the relevant study protocol and registration might improve the quality of clinical study in domestic rehabilitation medicine.

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